O ideal da excelência escolar e os conflitos vividos pelo aluno de classes populares1

Abstract

This article seeks to understand the ideal of school excellence and the relationship between that ideal and the student’s unique history. It considers some concepts of Psychoanalysis, above all, the ideal self, the ideal of the self and the superego, to analyze the conflicts experienced by students in face of the idealized demands present in high-performance schools. In this sense, among the adaptation efforts or the resistance to the imposed models, we are interested in questioning the naturalization and the “weight” of the ideal of excellence for the subjective formation of the student from popular class. We prioritize the experience of those who may be in an inferior position, due to a supposed distance between the cultural capital inherited from the family and the school culture. Based on the bibliographic survey methodology, we reflect on the polysemy and the lack
of consensus on the concept of school excellence, in order to consider how this ideal contributes to promoting a kind of social surveillance at school. Finally, we consider the plasticity of the influence of these ideals, as well as we believe in the different subjective destinations that can be given to school idealization.